- Legend Of The Red Falcon F95
- Legend Of The Red Falcon Series
- Legend Of The Red Falcon Book
- Legend Of The Red Bird
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Ivan Bilibin's illustration to a Russian fairy tale about the Firebird, 1899.
In Slavic mythology and folklore, the Firebird (Russian: жар-пти́ца, zhar-ptitsa; Ukrainian: жар-пти́ця, zhar-ptytsia; Serbo-Croatian: žar-ptica, жар-птица; Bulgarian: Жар-птица, Zhar-ptitsa; Macedonian: Жар-птица, Žar-ptica; Polish: Żar-ptak; Czech: Pták Ohnivák; Slovak: Vták Ohnivák; Slovene: Rajska/zlata-ptica) is a magical and prophetic glowing or burning bird from a faraway land which is both a blessing and a harbinger of doom to its captor.
Description[edit]
The Firebird is described as a large bird with majestic plumage that glows brightly emitting red, orange, and yellow light, like a bonfire that is just past the turbulent flame. The feathers do not cease glowing if removed, and one feather can light a large room if not concealed. In later iconography, the form of the Firebird is usually that of a smallish fire-colored falcon, complete with a crest on its head and tail feathers with glowing 'eyes'. It is beautiful but dangerous, showing no sign of friendliness.
The story of the Firebird inspired many literary works, including 'The Little Humpback Horse' by Pyotr Yershov. The most famous production of the Firebird was by Sergei Diaghilev of Ballets Russes who commissioned composer Igor Stravinsky to create the enormously popular large-scale ballet score known as The Firebird.
Fairy tales[edit]
A typical role of the Firebird in fairy tales is as an object of a difficult quest. The quest is usually initiated by finding a lost tail feather, at which point the hero sets out to find and capture the live bird, sometimes of his own accord, but usually on the bidding of a father or king. The Firebird is a marvel, highly coveted, but the hero, initially charmed by the wonder of the feather, eventually blames it for his troubles.
The Firebird tales follow the classical scheme of fairy tale, with the feather serving as a premonition of a hard journey, with magical helpers met on the way who help in travel and capture of the Bird, and returning from the faraway land with the prize. There are many versions of the Firebird story as it was primarily told orally in the beginning.
One version is the tale of Ivan Tsarevich and the Grey Wolf.
Suzanne Massie retells another story of the Firebird legend [1]. A modest and gentle orphan girl named Maryushka lives in a small village. People would come from all over to buy her embroidery, and many merchants asked her to come away and work for them. She told them all that she would sell to any who found her work beautiful, but she would never leave the village of her birth. One day the evil sorcerer Kaschei the Immortal heard of Maryushka's beautiful needlework and transformed himself into a beautiful young man and visited her. Upon seeing her ability he became enraged that a mere mortal could produce finer work than he himself possessed. He tried to tempt her by offering to make her Queen if she would embroider for him alone, but she refused saying she never wanted to leave her village. Because of this last insult to his ego he turned Maryushka into a Firebird, and himself into a great black Falcon, picked her up in his talons, and stole her away from her village. To leave a memory of herself with her village forever she shed her feathers onto the land below. As the last feather fell Maryushka died in the falcon's talons. The glowing rainbow feathers were magic and remain undimmed, but show their colors only to those who love beauty and seek to make beauty for others.[2]
Irina Zheleytova translates another version, The Firebird and Princess Vasilisa. In this version a king's archer is on a hunt and runs across a firebird's feather. The archer's horse warns the archer not to touch it, as bad things will happen. The archer ignores the advice and takes it to bring back to the king so he will be praised and rewarded. When the king is presented with the feather he demands the entire firebird or the death of the archer. The archer weeps to his horse, who instructs him to put corn on the fields in order to capture the firebird. The firebird comes down to eat, allowing the archer to capture the bird. When the king is presented with the firebird he demands that the archer fetch the Princess Vassilissa so the king may marry her; otherwise, the archer will be killed. The archer goes to the princess' lands and drugs her with wine to bring her back to the king. The king is pleased and rewards the archer; however, when the princess awakes and realizes she is not home she begins to weep. If she is to be married she wants her wedding dress, which is under a rock in the middle of the Blue Sea. Once again the archer weeps to his horse and fulfills his duty to his king and brings back the dress. The princess is stubborn and refuses to marry the king even with her dress until the archer is dipped in boiling water. The archer begs to see his horse before he is boiled and the horse puts a spell on the archer to protect him from the water. The archer comes out more handsome than anyone had ever seen. The king sees this and jumps in as well but is instead boiled alive. The archer is chosen to be king and marries the princess and they live happily ever after.[3]
Prince Ivan returning on a magic carpet with the caged firebird.
The Firebird concept has parallels in Iranian legends of magical birds, in the Brothers Grimm fairy tale about The Golden Bird, and related Russian magical birds like the Sirin. The story of the quest itself is closely paralleled by ArmenianHazaran Blbul. In the Armenian tale, however, the bird does not glow, but rather makes the land bloom through its song. In Czech folklore, it is called Pták Ohnivák (Fire-like Bird) and appears, for example, in a Karel Jaromír Erben fairy tale, also as an object of a difficult quest. Moreover, in the beginning of this fairy tale, the bird steals magical golden apples belonging to a king and is therefore pursued by the king's servants in order to protect the precious apples.
The story of the firebird comes in many forms. Some folk tales say that the Firebird is a mystical bird that flies around a king's castle and at night swoops down and eats all the king's golden apples. Others say that the firebird is just a bird that flies around giving hope to those who need it. Some additions to that legend say that when the firebird flies around, his eyes sparkle and pearls fall from his beak. The pearls would then fall to the peasants, giving them something to trade for goods or services. In the most common version of the legend, a Tsar commands his three sons to capture the firebird that keeps flying down from above and eating his apples. The golden apples are in the Tsar's orchard and give youth and strength to all who eat them. The sons end up barely missing the bird, but they catch one of his feathers that glows in the night. They take it to a dark room and it lights the room completely.
Literary and musical works[edit]
The story of the Firebird quest has inspired literary works, including 'The Little Humpback Horse' by Pyotr Yershov.
The most famous version of the Firebird legend was the production by Sergei Diaghilev of Ballet Russe, who commissioned composer Igor Stravinsky to score the enormously popular large-scale ballet called The Firebird. In Stravinsky's ballet, with a scenario written by Michel Fokine and Alexandre Benois, the creature is half-woman, half-bird. She is captured by Prince Ivan, but when he sets her free she gives him a magic feather, which he uses to defeat the spell of Kaschei the Immortal, who had captured thirteen princesses. Prince Ivan then marries the most beautiful of them.
French illustrator Edmund Dulac included a literary version of the legend of the firebird in his book Fairy Tales of the Allied Nations, where the bird is identified as the Firebird and described as 'Hausa, the Bird of the Sun'.[4]
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See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Russian Fairytales: The Firebird and Other Russian Fairy Tales'. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
- ^Massie, Suzanne (1980). Land of the Firebird. Simon and Schuster. pp. 18–19. ISBN0-9644184-1-X.
- ^Zheleytova, Irina. 'Russian Fairytales: The Firebird and Princess Vassilissa'. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
- ^Dulac, Edmund. Edmund Dulac's fairy-book: fairy tales of the Allied nations. New York: G.H. Doran. 1916. pp. 159-170.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Firebird (Slavic folklore). |
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Firebird_(Slavic_folklore)&oldid=976533797'
Species | Buteo jamaicensis |
---|---|
Sex | Male |
Hatched | 1990 |
Nation from | United States |
Known for | Nesting on a Fifth Avenue building |
Mate(s) |
|
Pale Male (hatched in 1990) is a red-tailed hawk who has been residing since the 1990s near New York City's Central Park. Birdwatcher and author Marie Winn gave him his name because of the unusually light coloring of his head. He is one of the first red-tailed hawks known to have nested on a building rather than in a tree and is known for establishing a dynasty of urban-dwelling red-tailed hawks. Each spring, bird watchers set up telescopes at the Model Boat Pond to observe his nest and chicks at 927 Fifth Avenue. As of 2015, he is presumed deceased.[2][3]
Life[edit]
When he arrived in Central Park in 1991, as a first-year immature hawk, Pale Male tried to nest in a tree, but he was driven off by crows. He later roosted on a building on Fifth Avenue across the street from the park. Around early 1992, he found a mate, dubbed 'First Love'.[4] Jaeger lecoultre atmos clock serial numbers. First Love was injured later that year and removed to the Raptor Trust in New Jersey. During her absence, Pale Male took another mate, named Chocolate. After several unsuccessful spring nesting attempts, Pale Male and a mate, possibly Chocolate, hatched 3 eyasses in 1995. The eyasses survived to young adulthood and took up residence in Central Park. Chocolate died later that year from injuries from a collision with a car on the New Jersey Turnpike.
First Love returned to Central Park after being banded and released from the Raptor Trust. She and Pale Male reunited and raised several eyasses. Some birdwatchers waited several months to see the eyasses grow and then take their first flights. Pale Male brought food to his offspring about five times each day. In 1997, First Love died after eating a poisoned pigeon in Central Park.
Pale Male's mate from 1998 to 2001 was a hawk known as Blue. The pair were observed to hatch about 11 eyasses in that period. Blue disappeared about the time of the September 11 attacks in 2001.[5] In early 2002, Pale Male was first observed with a new mate, Lola. They raised 7 eyasses between 2002 and 2004, building a nest on ornamental stonework above a top-story window on a residential housing cooperative at 927 Fifth Avenue (at East 74th Street) on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. Lola disappeared in December 2010 and is presumed dead.[6]
A new mate appeared in early January 2011. This new hawk, Lima (also called 'Ginger', because of her dark feathers on her neck and chin), was only in her second year. She was a young adult, with still-yellow irises, indicating her exact age. Her first nesting attempt was in the winter and spring of 2011 using the existing nest. Ginger exhibited behavior consistent with incubation of eggs in mid-April 2011 and two eyasses emerged towards the end of May 2011, producing the first baby hawks in this nest since 2004. Lima died in late February 2012, presumably from a poisoned rat.[7]
After Lima's death, Pale Male took a new mate, dubbed Zena.[8] The two fledged 3 offspring, two of which were poisoned, rescued, rehabilitated, and then released back into Central Park. In September 2012 Zena disappeared and was presumed dead, and Pale Male took a new mate, called 'Octavia' due to her status as Pale Male's eighth mate.[9][10][11]
As of 2020, some people believed that Pale Male was apparently still alive at the age of 30. This would make him one of the oldest known red-tailed hawks on record. However, it was suggested in 2015 that Pale Male has probably died sometime over the years and been replaced by another male hawk with similar coloring.[12] Since Pale Male was never banded, it is impossible to confirm whether the present Pale Male of 2020 is the same hawk who arrived in 1991.
Nest controversy[edit]
In December 2004, the hawks' nest and the anti-pigeon spikes that had long anchored it were removed by the board of the co-op. The removal caused an international outcry and a series of impassioned protests organized by New York City Audubon Society and the Central Park birding community. Mary Tyler Moore, a resident of the building and animal rights advocate, also participated in the protests.[2] On December 14, 2004, the building, various city agencies, and the Audubon Society came to an agreement to replace the spikes and to install a new 'cradle' for the nest. By December 28, 2004, the scaffolding had been removed and the hawks started bringing twigs to the nest site.
However, eggs laid by Lola in March 2005 did not hatch, and in fact Pale Male and Lola did not hatch any new eyasses since the disturbance of their original nest.[13] A panel of experts assembled by the Audubon Society reviewed the photos taken of the interior of the nest on January 4, 2008, and recommended the removal of stainless steel spikes seen protruding through the bowl of the nest. The spikes impede the rolling of the eggs by the female during incubation. The Audubon Society obtained the support and approvals of municipal agencies and property owners to have the 92 spikes removed from the cradle supporting the nest.
Although news reports in early summer 2006 suggested that Pale Male and Lola had given up on their Fifth Avenue nest in favor of a location on the Beresford apartments across the park on Central Park West, this was not the case. The hawks regularly perched on the Beresford and may have roosted there at night, but they continued to return to the Fifth Avenue location during nesting season.
Other red-tailed hawks in the area[edit]
At the south end of the park, a hawk couple dubbed Pale Male Junior (or simply 'Junior') and Charlotte nested on the Trump Park hotel on Central Park South in 2005 and successfully raised two eyasses. For two years, their nest was on a building on Seventh Avenue at 57th Street (two blocks south of the park), after which Junior and Charlotte left the area. Following reports of red-tails attempting to nest on or near the Plaza Hotel at the southeast corner of Central Park, a pair of red-tails built a nest in a tree on the edge of the park's Sheep Meadow in 2014 and raised two baby hawks. Kubota 3400 tractors manual. That nesting site was active through 2016.
A hawk couple known as Tristan and Isolde claimed Central Park's Great Hill and North Wood as their territory in 2006, but their nest was located about four blocks from the park at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, overlooking Morningside Park. Although both Tristan and Isolde have since died or disappeared, they and their successors at the cathedral nest had fledged 28 baby red-tails as of 2019.
Attempted red-tail nesting activity has been reported at other locations on the periphery of Central Park, including locations on Central Park West since 2013, but none have been successful. Ppsspp lego batman.
The Central Park Christmas Bird Count, held December 17, 2006, determined that there were probably ten red-tailed hawks in the park that day, but it was expected that the extra four hawks would be driven off once the 2007 mating season began. It is common for two or three immature Red-tails, and sometimes an unattached adult, to spend the winter in the park before departing in the spring.
Red-tailed hawk in Riverside Park
In recent years, many more red-tailed hawks have taken up residence in New York City. A 2007 study commissioned by the Audubon Society reported that pairs of red-tails were spotted breeding in nests at 32 locations throughout the city, and hawk watchers say they have spotted dozens of unattached Red-tails across the five boroughs.[13] In 2014, there were eleven red-tailed nests reported in Manhattan, of which ten were known to have fledged baby hawks. Relatively small green spaces about the city, such as the main Columbia University campus, may see red-tailed hawk visitors, while slightly larger locations, such as Washington Square Park and the Fordham University Rose Hill campus, may have nesting pairs.
Legend Of The Red Falcon F95
In popular culture[edit]
- Pale Male, a one-hour documentary by filmmaker Frederic Lilien, aired on NATURE – WNET in 2004. A feature documentary called The Legend of Pale Male by Frederic Lilien was completed in April 2009.
- Alternative country singer Steve Earle references Pale Male in his song 'Down Here Below', from the 2007 album Washington Square Serenade.
- Pale Male (or at least a puppet of him) has made several appearances on Late Night with Conan O'Brien where he played various instruments with The Max Weinberg 7[14]
- At least three children's illustrated books about Pale Male have been published, including:
- The Tale of Pale Male: a True Story, by Jeanette Winter (Harcourt, 2007)
- City Hawk: the Story of Pale Male, by Meghan McCarthy (Simon & Schuster, 2007)
- Pale Male: Citizen Hawk of New York City, by Janet Schulman (Knopf, 2008)
- Pale Male is the mascot of PS 6, an elementary school on the Upper East Side.[citation needed]
References[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^Barron, James (27 February 2012). 'Pale Male's Mate Lima Is Found Dead in Central Park'. New York Times. Retrieved 22 August 2013.
- ^ abNewman, Andy (2017-01-26). 'When Mary Tyler Moore Stood Up for Pale Male the Red-Tailed Hawk'. The New York Times. ISSN0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-02-26.
- ^'Pale Male is Dead: Long Live Pale Male!'. 10,000 Birds. 2015-02-09. Retrieved 2020-02-26.
- ^Lincoln Karim's blog, Palemale & Lola, February 23, 2005.
- ^'The Legend of Pale Male (2009)'. imdb.com.
- ^Bruce, Yolton. 'Red-Tailed Hawks in Pale Male's Territory'. January 14, 2011. Urban Hawks. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
- ^Barron, James. 'Pale Male's Mate Lima Is Found Dead in Central Park'. February 27, 2012. New York Times. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
- ^New, The (2012-07-10). 'Spotted: Pale Male and Zena – NYTimes.com'. Upper West Side (NYC): Cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
- ^'Poison meant for rats might be killing local hawks'. Columbiaspectator.com. Archived from the original on December 19, 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
- ^'September 2, 2012'. Palemale.com. 2012-09-02. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
- ^Donegal Browne (2012-10-20). 'Palemaleirregulars: Pale Male Takes Up the Non-hunting Fledglings Problem'. Palemaleirregulars.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
- ^'Pale Male Is a Legend—But Is He Still Alive?'. Audubon. 2019-06-07. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
- ^ abLueck, Thomas J. (1 May 2008). 'Reprise: The Fifth Avenue Ballad of Pale Male and Lola' – via NYTimes.com.
- ^'NBC.com Late Night with Conan O'Brien'. nbc.com.
Legend Of The Red Falcon Series
Bibliography[edit]
Legend Of The Red Falcon Book
- Marie Winn. Central Park in the Dark: More Mysteries of Urban Wildlife. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 2008. ISBN978-0-374-12011-5.
- Marie Winn. Red-tails in Love: A Wildlife Drama in New York. New York: Vintage, 1999. ISBN0-679-75846-1.
- Thomas J. Lueck. 'New York Celebrities Evicted on Fifth Ave., Feathers and All'. The New York Times. December 8, 2004.
- Thomas J. Lueck and Jennifer 8. Lee. 'No Fighting the Co-op Board, Even With Talons'. The New York Times. December 11, 2004.
- Jennifer 8. Lee. 'As Hawks Circle, All Sides Seek Compromise'. The New York Times. December 12, 2004.
- Thomas J. Lueck. 'Birds' Nest Will Be Saved, if Co-op Architect Says Yes'. The New York Times. December 14, 2004.
- Thomas J. Lueck. 'Co-op to Help Hawks Rebuild, but the Street Is Still Restless'. The New York Times. December 15, 2004.
- Peri McQuay. A Wing in the Door: Life With A Red-tailed Hawk. New York: Milkweed, 2001. ISBN1-57131-239-0
- Jeanette Winter. The Tale of Pale Male: A True Story. New York: Harcourt, Inc., 2007. ISBN978-0-15-205972-9. (Children's nonfiction picture book)
External links[edit]
- Marie Winn's website; accessed April 26, 2010
- Pale Male on IMDb
Coordinates: 40°46′29″N73°57′58″W / 40.774643°N 73.966205°W
Legend Of The Red Bird
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